|
|
S1 |
|
R2A |
Arg2Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E3A, Cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S1 |
|
R2K |
Arg2Lys |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, α-tubulin-4, tortifolia |
Buschmann et al. 2009. Plant Cell 21:2090-106 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
E3A |
Glu3Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R2A, Cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
I4V |
Ile4Val |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R2437:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
V4L |
Val4Leu |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
I5F |
Ile5Phe |
NP_035783.1 (Tuba1a) |
M. musculus |
R4702:Tuba1a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
I5L |
Ile5Leu |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria |
Jansen et al. 2011. Neurology 76:988-92, Poirier et al. 2013. Eur J Hum Genet 21:381-5 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
S6I |
Ser6Ile |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
H8Y |
His8Tyr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S1 |
S1 |
V9M |
Val9Met |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
IGL01065:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
A12V |
Ala12Val |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Suppressor of lefty mutation (A180T α-tubulin, TUA4) |
Thitamadee et al. 2002. Nature 417:193-6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
S12A |
Ser12Ala |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
HTI-286 resistant (Hemiasterlin derivative) |
Loganzo et al. 2004. Mol Cancer Ther 3:1319-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
V14I |
Val14Ile |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R0454:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
I16F |
Ile16Phe |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R1624:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
E22K |
Glu22Lys |
NP_001021050.1 (TBA-2) |
C. elegans |
Suppressor of S168Y α-tubulin |
Lu and Mains. 2005. Genetics 170:115-26 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
E22K |
Glu22Lys |
NP_001230908.1 (TUBA1B) |
C. griseus |
Paclitaxel resistant |
Barlow et al. 2002. J Cell Sci 115:3469-78 |
Cricetulus griseus, chinese hamster, rodent |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
E22K |
Glu22Lys |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
IGL03091:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
F24H |
Phe24His |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
Y24H |
Tyr24His |
AAA33095.1 (α1-tubulin) |
C. reinhardtii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
James et al. 1993. J Cell Sci 106:209-18 |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, algae |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
E27A |
Glu27Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H28A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
E27Q |
Glu27Gln |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Malformations of cortical development |
Shimojima et al. 2014. BMC Res Notes 7 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
H28A |
His28Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E27A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H1 |
H1 |
H28Q |
His28Gln |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
K31A |
Lys31Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D33A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
L31L* |
Leu31 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
L31L* |
Leu31 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
P32S |
Phe32Ser |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Increased MT stability, ectopic neurites |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
D33A |
Asp33Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With L31A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
G34C |
Gly34Cys |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R4722:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
R34R* |
Arg34 |
AAG15364.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
R34R* |
Arg34 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA2 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
R34R* |
Arg34 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA4 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
R34R* |
Arg34 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
H35A |
His35Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E37A and D38A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
K35K* |
Lys35 |
AAG15364.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
K35K* |
Lys35 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA4 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
K35K* |
Lys35 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
Q35X |
Gln35Stop |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Suppressor of lefty mutation (A180T α-tubulin, TUA4) |
Thitamadee et al. 2002. Nature 417:193-6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
I36T |
Ile36Thr |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R2084:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
E37A |
Glu37Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H35A and D38A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
D38A |
Asp38Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H35A and E37A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
Q39Q* |
Gln39 |
AAG15364.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
Q39Q* |
Gln39 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA4 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
Q39Q* |
Gln39 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
R39R* |
Arg39 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
R39R* |
Arg39 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
K40Q |
Lys40Gln |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
With V252L, acetylation mimetic |
Varberg et al. 2016. mSphere 1 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
K40R |
Lys40Arg |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
With V252L, not viable |
Varberg et al. 2016. mSphere 1 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
K40R |
Lys40Arg |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
polymorphic microtubules in touch receptor neurons |
Cueva et al. 2012. Curr Biol 22:1066-74 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
K40R |
Lys40Arg |
AAA21350.1 (α-tubulin) |
T. thermophila |
Increased lability: dinitroaniline supersensitive, Taxol resistant |
Gaertig et al. 1994. Proc Natl Acad USA 91:4549-53, Akella et al. 2010. Nature 467:218-22 |
Tetrahymena thermophila |
|
|
|
|
|
K42A |
Lys42Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K44A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
G43V |
Gly43Val |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
K44A |
Lys44Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K42A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
N44S |
Asn44Ser |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R1424:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
N44T |
Asn44Thr |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
IGL02043:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
D47G |
Asp47Gly |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R1985:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
E48A |
Glu48Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E47A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
F49C |
Phe49Cys |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
S50N |
Ser50Asn |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
S50S* |
Ser50 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
S50S* |
Ser50 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
T51A |
Thr51Ala |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
F52I |
Phe52Ile |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
S2 |
F52L |
Phe52Leu |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
S2 |
F52Y |
Phe52Tyr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
E55K |
Glu55Lys |
NP_001230908.1 (α-1B-tubulin) |
C. griseus |
Colcimid and vinblastine resistant |
Hari et al. 2003. Mol Cancer Ther 2:597-605 |
Cricetulus griseus, chinese hamster, rodent |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
E55K |
Glu55Lys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Morris-Rosendahl et al. 2008. Clin Genet 74:425-33 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
H55A |
His55Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E56A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
E56A |
Glu56Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H55A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
T56A |
Thr56Ala |
NP_035783.1 (Tuba1a) |
M. musculus |
R6307:Tuba1a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
T56I |
Thr56Ile |
NP_175423.1 (TUA2) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA2 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
T56I |
Thr56Ile |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA4 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
T56I |
Thr56Ile |
AAA32892.1 (TUA6) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA6 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
T56I |
Thr56Ile |
BAG95614.1 |
O. sativa |
Severe dwarfism and right helical growth |
Sunohara et al. 2009. Genes Genet Syst 84:209-18 |
Oryza sativa, plant, rice |
|
|
|
S2 |
S2 |
T56M |
Thr56Met |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Microlissencephaly, microretrognatism, dysmorphy, exophyhalmia, hypertelorism |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S3 |
S3 |
R60H |
Arg60His |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S3 |
S3 |
K61A |
Lys61Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R65A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S3 |
S3 |
V62I |
Val62Ile |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA4 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S3 |
|
R65A |
Arg65Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K61A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S4 |
S4 |
D69N |
Asp69Asn |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
mec-12, touch receptor defect, loss of 15 protofilament MTs |
Fukushige et al. 1999. J Cell Sci 112:395-403, Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S4 |
S4 |
E69K |
Glu69Lys |
NP_001021050.1 (TBA-2) |
C. elegans |
Suppressor of S168Y α-tubulin |
Lu and Mains. 2005. Genetics 170:115-26 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S4 |
S4 |
D70A |
Asp70Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E72A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S4 |
S4 |
L70Q |
Leu70Gln |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R4968:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S4 |
S4 |
L70S |
Leu70Ser |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Overlapping cortical malformations |
Cushion et al. 2013. Brain 136:536-48 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S4 |
|
E72A |
Glu72Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D70A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S4 |
|
P72S |
Pro72Ser |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria like cortical dysplasia |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H2 |
H2 |
V75A |
Val75Ala |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
IGL01731:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H2 |
H2 |
V75A |
Val75Ala |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R1476:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H2 |
H2 |
D77A |
Asp77Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E78A and R80A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H2 |
H2 |
E78A |
Glu78Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D77A and R80A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H2 |
H2 |
E79K |
Glu79Lys |
AAF50226.2 (α-Tubulin67C) |
D. melanogaster |
Female sterile, embryogenesis arrest due to mutation in Tubulin67C |
Mathe et al. 1998. J Cell Sci 111:887-96 |
Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly |
|
|
|
H2 |
H2 |
T79I |
Thr79Ile |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R6566:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H2 |
H2 |
R80A |
Arg80Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D77A and E78A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
C82F |
Cys82Phe |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
IGL01346:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
E82K |
Glu82Lys |
AAF50226.2 (α-Tubulin67C) |
D. melanogaster |
Female sterile, Tubulin67C |
Venkei and Szabad. 2005. Mol Genet Genomics 273:283-9 |
Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly |
|
|
|
|
|
Y82C |
Tyr82Cys |
AAA33095.1 (α1-tubulin) |
C. reinhardtii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
James et al. 1993. J Cell Sci 106:209-18 |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
P84P* |
Pro84 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
P84P* |
Pro84 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
K85A |
Lys85Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D86A, wild-type |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
D86A |
Asp86Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K85A, wild-type |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
H89A |
His89Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E91A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
R89G |
Arg89Gly |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
IGL02548:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
E90G |
Glu90Gly |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R1376:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
E90G |
G90Gly |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R1376:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
S5 |
E91A |
Glu91Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H89A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S5 |
S5 |
L92V |
Leu92Val |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S5 |
S5 |
I93V |
Ile93Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S5 |
|
E97K |
Glu97Lys |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Reduced MT stability and neurite growth defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S5 |
|
K97A |
Lys97Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E98A and D99A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
E98A |
Glu98Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K97A and D99A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
R98R* |
Arg98 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
R98R* |
Arg98 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulin (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
D99A |
Asp99Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K97A and E98A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
V100V* |
Val100 |
AAL73386.1 (α-tubulin) |
E. focardii |
Cold stable microtubules, increased hydrophobicity |
Pucciarelli et al. 2009. Mar Genomics 2:57-66 |
Euplotes focardii, extremophile, Antarctic ciliate |
|
|
|
|
|
N101S |
Asp101Ser |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria like cortical dysplasia |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
N102D |
Asp102Arg |
AAH83343 (TUBA1A) |
M. musculus |
Disrupted neural development and tubulin proteostasis |
Hanson et al. 2016. Dev Biol 409: 406-19 |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
R106A |
Arg106Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H108A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
R106T |
Arg106Thr |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Cold sensitive lethal |
Vega et al. 1998. Mol Biol Cell 9:2349-60 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
H108A |
His108Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R106A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
I110F |
Ile110Phe |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R6189:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
| Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
I110V |
Ile110Val |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R2137:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
| Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
R113A |
Arg113A |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E114A, wild type growth |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
E114A |
Glu114Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R113A, wild type growth |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
H3 |
V115A |
Val115Ala |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
R5104:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
D118A |
Asp118Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D121A and R122A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
D121A |
Asp121Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D118A and R122A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
R122A |
Arg122Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D118A and D121A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
R124A |
Arg124Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K125A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
K125A |
Lys125Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R124A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
L125M |
Leu125Met |
BAJ06362.1 (TUA3) |
A. aequalis |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Hashim et al. 2012. Pest Manag Sci 68: 422-9 |
Alopecurus aequalis, plant, shortawn foxtail, orange foxtail |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
D127G |
Asp127Gly |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R3160:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
D127G |
Asp127Gly |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R3162:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H3 |
H3 |
D128A |
Asp128Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D131A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H3 |
|
I129N |
Ile129Asn |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
IGL02120:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
D131A |
Asp131Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D128A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
G131R |
Gly131Arg |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
L136F |
Leu136Phe |
BAJ06363.1 (TUA1) |
A. aequalis |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Hashim et al. 2012. Pest Manag Sci 68: 422-9 |
Alopecurus aequalis, plant, shortawn foxtail, orange foxtail |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
L136F |
Leu136Phe |
CAE52515.1 (α2-tubulin) |
S. viridis |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Delye et al. 2004. Plant Physiol 136:3920-32 |
Setaria viridis, plant, grass, green foxtail, green bristlegrass, wild foxtail millet |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
L136F |
Leu136Phe |
AAA21350.1 (α-tubulin) |
T. thermophila |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Lyons-Abbott et al. 2010. Eukaryot Cell 9:1825-34 |
Tetrahymena thermophila |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
L136F |
Leu136Phe |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
I137N |
Ile137Asn |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R1741:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
V137D |
Val137Asp |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation, TUBA1A |
Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
N139K |
Asn139Lys |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
S140F |
Ser140Phe |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Reduced MT stability and neurite growth defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
S140G |
Ser140Gly |
NP_035783.1 (Tuba1) |
M. musculus |
abnormal lamination of the hippocampus |
Keays et al. 2007. Cell 12:45-57, Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64, Morris-Rosendahl et al. 2008. Clin Genet 74:425-33, Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27, Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
G142E |
Gly142Glu |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S6 |
S6 |
G142S |
Gly142Ser |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
G144S |
Gly144Ser |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Reduced MT stability and neurite growth defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
T145A |
Thr145Ala |
NP_035784.1 (Tuba1b) |
M. musculus |
R3147:Tuba1b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
T145K |
Thr145Lys |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
R5404:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
T145P |
Thr145Pro |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
T146A |
Thr146Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
S147T |
Ser147Thr |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R4074:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
F149K |
Phe149Lys |
NP_033473.1 (Tuba4) |
M. musculus |
Folding mutant, destabilized |
Zabala et al. 1996. J Cell Sci 109:1471-8 |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
F149M |
Phe149Met |
NP_033473.1 (Tuba4) |
M. musculus |
Wild-type GTP binding |
Zabala et al. 1996. J Cell Sci 109:1471-8 |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
T150G |
Thr150Gly |
NP_033473.1 (Tuba4) |
M. musculus |
Wild-type GTP binding |
Zabala et al. 1996. J Cell Sci 109:1471-8 |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
T150S |
Thr150Ser |
NP_033473.1 (Tuba4) |
M. musculus |
Wild-type GTP binding |
Zabala et al. 1996. J Cell Sci 109:1471-8 |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
L152F |
Leu152Phe |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
L154R |
Leu154Arg |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette and Sept review |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
E156A |
Glu156Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E157A, dominant lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
E157A |
Glu157Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E156A, dominant lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H4 |
H4 |
S158L |
Ser158Leu |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria like cortical dysplasia |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H4 |
|
E161A |
Glu161Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K164A and K165A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H4 |
|
Y161H |
Tyr161His |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria, TUBA1A |
Poirier et al. 2013. Eur J Hum Genet 21:381-5 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H4 |
|
Y161H |
Tyr161His |
NP_035784.1 (Tuba1b) |
M. musculus |
IGL01483:Tuba1b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H4 |
|
Y161X |
Tyr161stop |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
R4434:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
S7 |
K164A |
Lys164Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E161A and K165A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
S7 |
K164R |
Lys164Arg |
NP_035784.1 (Tuba1b) |
M. musculus |
R6471:Tuba1b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
K165A |
Lys165Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E161A and K164A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S165A |
Ser165Ala |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S165D |
Ser165Asp |
NP_116093.1 (TUBA1C) |
H. sapiens |
Phosphomimetic, stimulates microtubule dynamics |
De et al. 2014. Cytoskeleton 71:257-72 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S165N |
Ser165Asn |
NP_116093.1 (TUBA1C) |
H. sapiens |
Phosphorylation resistant mutant, increased frequency of catastrophe |
De et al. 2014. Cytoskeleton 71:257-72 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S165P |
Ser165Pro |
P68363.1 (Kα-1 α-tubulin) |
H. sapiens |
HTI-286 resistant (Hemiasterlin derivative) |
Poruchynsky et al. 2004. Biochemistry 43:13944-54 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S165P |
Ser165Pro |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S165T |
Ser165Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
K167A |
Lys167Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E169A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S168Y |
Ser168Tyr |
NP_001021050.1 (TBA-2) |
C. elegans |
Stable, katanin OE resistant |
Lu and Mains. 2005. Genetics 170:115-26 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
E169A |
Glu169Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K167A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
S171A |
Ser171Ala |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
P173L |
Pro173Leu |
XP_001703110.1 (TUA2) |
C. reinhardtii |
Suppressor of Asp205Asn (suppressor of uni1-3, α-tubulin null) |
Fromherz et al. 2004. J Cell Sci 117:303-14 |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, algae |
|
|
|
S7 |
S7 |
P173L |
Pro173Leu |
NP_595106.1 (Atb2) |
S. pombe |
Suppresses P302L α-tubulin defects |
Tange et al. 2004. Genetics 167:1095-107 |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe, fission yeast, fungus |
|
|
|
|
|
Q176E |
Gln176Glu |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette and Sept review |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
S177P |
Ser177Pro |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
IGL02426:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
V177M |
Val177Met |
NP_476772.1 (α-Tubulin at 84B) |
D. melanogaster |
Non-complementing allele for B2t mutant α-tubulins |
Hays et al. 1989. Mol Cell Biol 9:875-84 |
Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly |
|
|
|
|
|
ΔS178 |
ΔSer178 |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA4 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
A178V |
Ala178Val |
CAA16866.1 (Atb1) |
S. pombe |
Interacts with α-tubulin |
Takeoka et al. 2000. J Cell Sci 113: 4557-62 |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe, fission yeast, fungus |
|
|
|
|
|
S178T |
Ser178Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette and Sept review |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
S180F |
Ser180Phe |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
lefty2 (TUA4) |
Thitamadee et al. 2002. Nature 417:193-6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
S180F |
Ser180Phe |
AAA32892.1 (TUA6) |
A. thaliana |
lefty1 (TUA6) |
Thitamadee et al. 2002. Nature 417:193-6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
V181I |
Val181Ile |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
V182A |
Val182Ala |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R5073:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
E184A |
Glu184Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
Y185H |
Tyr185His |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R5505:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagentix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
Y185X |
Tyr185stop |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R5546:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15366.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA7 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15364.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability, NcTbA2 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA4 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA5 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA7 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA8 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
A187A* |
Ala187 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
I188L |
Ile188Leu |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
T190A |
Thr190Ala |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R1488:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H5 |
H5 |
H192Y |
His192Tyr |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
H5 |
|
L195M |
Leu195Met |
P68363.1 (Kα-1 α-tubulin) |
H. sapiens |
A549 human lung carcinoma cell line EpoB step up selection |
Yang et al. 2005. Mol Cancer Ther 4:987-95 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H5 |
|
L195Q |
Leu195Gln |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
IGL03027:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H5 |
|
E196K |
Glu196Lys |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Increased MT stability, ectopic neurites |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
H5 |
|
E197A |
Glu197Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H198A and D200A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H5 |
|
H198A |
His198Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E197A and D200A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H5 |
|
T198I |
Thr198Ile |
AHJ80815.1 (Tua1) |
E. tef |
Dwarfing and lodging tolerance |
Jöst et al. 2014. J Exp Bot 66:933-44 |
Eragrostis tef, plant, teff, Williams' lovegrass annual bunch grass |
|
|
|
|
S8 |
D199G |
Asp199Gly |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R0573:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
S8 |
D199G |
Asp199Gly |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
IGL03286:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S8 |
S8 |
D200A |
Asp200Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E198 and H198A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S8 |
S8 |
V202F |
Val202Phe |
BAJ06363.1 (TUA1) |
A. aequalis |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Hashim et al. 2012. Pest Manag Sci 68: 422-9 |
Alopecurus aequalis, plant, shortawn foxtail, orange foxtail |
|
|
|
S8 |
S8 |
V202F |
Val202Phe |
SRR1141056 |
L. rigidum |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Chen et al. 2018. Pest Manag Sci 74:925-932 |
Lolium rigidum, plant, grass, annual ryegrass |
|
|
|
S8 |
S8 |
D205N |
Asp205Asn |
Q56WH1.2 (TUA3) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA3 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S8 |
S8 |
D205N |
Asp205Asn |
XP_001703110.1 (TUA2) |
C. reinhardtii |
Suppressor of uni3-1 (α-tubulin null) |
Fromherz et al. 2004. J Cell Sci 117:303-14 |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, algae |
|
|
|
S8 |
S8 |
D206A |
Asp206Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E208A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
C207F |
Cys207Phe |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R1626:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
A208T |
Ala208Thr |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
suppressor of lefty mutation (A180T α-tubulin) |
Thitamadee et al. 2002. Nature 417:193-6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
A208T |
Ala208Thr |
XP_001703110.1 (TUA2) |
C. reinhardtii |
Suppressor of uni3-1 (α-tubulin null) |
Fromherz et al. 2004. J Cell Sci 117:303-14 |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, algae |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
E208A |
Glu208Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D206A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
I209V |
Ile209Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
Y210C |
Tyr210Cys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria |
Jansen et al. 2011. Neurology 76:988-92 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
D212A |
Asp212Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K215A and R216A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
C213Y |
Cys213Tyr |
AAA32892.1 (TUA6) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting mutant α-tubulin-6 |
Ishida and Hashimoto. 2007. J Plant Res 120:635-40 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
R214H |
Arg214His |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria like cortical dysplasia, cerebellar dysplasia |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69, Oegema et al. 2015. Hum Mol Genet 24:5313-25 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
K215A |
Lys215Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D212A and R216A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H6 |
H6 |
R215C |
Arg215Cys |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H6 |
|
R216A |
Arg216Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D212A and K215A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
D218Y |
Asp218Tyr |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
D219A |
Asp219Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R222A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
I219V |
Ile219Val |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Cerebellar dysplasia |
Oegema et al. 2015. Hum Mol Genet 24:5313-25 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
R221H |
Arg221His |
P68363.1 (Kα-1 α-tubulin) |
H. sapiens |
HTI-286 resistant (Hemiasterlin derivative) |
Poruchynsky et al. 2004. Biochemistry 43:13944-54 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
R222A |
Arg222Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D219A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
R229H |
Arg229His |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
R5297:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
R229H |
Arg229His |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
IGL01020:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
L230Q |
Leu230Gln |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
IGL03152:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
L230V |
Leu230Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
I231T |
Ile231Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
I235L |
Ile235Leu |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
I235V |
Ile235Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
I235T |
Ile235Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H7 |
H7 |
V235L |
Val235Leu |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria, TUBA1A |
Poirier et al. 2013. Eur J Hum Genet 21:381-5 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
I238V |
Ile238Val |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2008. Brain 131:2304-20 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
L238V |
Leu238Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
Y238X |
Tyr238stop |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R2012:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
T239I |
Thr239Ile |
AAC05717.1 (TUBA1) |
E. indica |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Yamamoto et al. 1998. Plant Cell 10:297-308, Anthony et al. 1999. Nat Biotechnol 17:712-6 |
Eleusine indica, plant, Indian goosegrass, yard-grass, goosegrass, wiregrass, crowfootgrass |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
T239I |
Thr239Ile |
SRR1141056 |
L. rigidum |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Chen et al. 2018. Pest Manag Sci 74:925-932 |
Lolium rigidum, plant, grass, annual ryegrass |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
T239I |
Thr239Ile |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
R5307:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
T239I |
Thr239Ile |
CAE52515.1 (α2-tubulin) |
S. viridis |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Delye et al. 2004. Plant Physiol 136:3920-32 |
Setaria viridis, plant, grass, green foxtail, green bristlegrass, wild foxtail millet |
|
|
|
|
H7 |
T239I |
Thr239Ile |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
S242L |
Ser242Leu |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R3976:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
R243C |
Arg243Cys |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
R243K |
Arg243Lys |
SRR1141056 |
L. rigidum |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Chu et al. 2018. Front Plant Sci 9:1-12 |
Lolium rigidum, plant, grass, annual ryegrass |
|
|
|
|
|
R243M |
Arg243Met |
SRR1141056 |
L. rigidum |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Chu et al. 2018. Front Plant Sci 9:1-12 |
Lolium rigidum, plant, grass, annual ryegrass |
|
|
|
|
|
R243S |
Arg243Ser |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
E244K |
Glu244Lys |
AAF50226.2 (α-Tubulin67C) |
D. melanogaster |
Female sterile, embryogenesis arrest due to mutation in Tubulin67C |
Mathe et al. 1998. J Cell Sci 111:887-96 |
Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly |
|
|
|
|
|
R244A |
Arg244Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D246A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S9 |
|
D246A |
Asp246Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R244A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S9 |
|
G246D |
Gly246Asp |
NP_595106.1 (Atb2) |
S. pombe |
Temperature sensitive lethal, polarity mutant |
Radcliffe et al. 1998. Mol Biol Cell 9:1757-71 |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe, fission yeast, fungus |
|
|
|
S9 |
|
G246E |
Gly246Glu |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
D251N |
Asp251Asn |
AED92748 (TUA5) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA5 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
D252A |
Asp252Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Involved in GTPase activation, poisonous and lethal; with E255A, dominant lethal |
Anders and Botstein. 2001. Mol Biol Cell 12:3973-86, Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
L252L* |
Leu252 |
AAA21350.1 (α-tubulin) |
T. thermophila |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Lyons-Abbott et al. 2010. Eukaryot Cell 9:1825-34 |
Tetrahymena thermophila |
|
|
|
|
|
V252V* |
Ile252Val |
AAL73386.1 (α-tubulin) |
E. focardii |
Cold stable microtubules |
Pucciarelli et al. 2009. Mar Genomics 2:57-66 |
Euplotes focardii, extremophile, Antarctic ciliate |
|
|
|
|
|
V252L |
Val252Leu |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant; with K40Q, acetylation mimetic; with K40R, not viable |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8, Varberg et al. 2016. mSphere 1 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
E255A |
Glu255Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D252A, dominant lethal; involved in GTPase activation, poisonous and lethal |
Anders and Botstein. 2001. Mol Biol Cell 12:3973-86, Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
Q256H |
Gln256His |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
T257A |
Thr257Ala |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R0631:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
N258S |
Asn258Ser |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
R1989:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
V260I |
Val260Ile |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Increased MT stability, ectopic neurites |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
V260I |
Val260Ile |
NP_595106.1 (Atb2) |
S. pombe |
Altered association with Mal3 |
Asakawa et al. 2006. Mol Biol Cell 17:1421-35 |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe, fission yeast, fungus |
|
|
|
|
|
P263T |
Pro263Thr |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64, Fallet-Bianco et al. 2008. Brain 131:2304-20 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
R264C |
Arg264Cys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria, pachygyria TUBA1A |
Tian et al. 2008. Mol Biol Cell 19:1152-61, Bahi-Buisson et al. 2008. J Med Genet 45:647-53, Poirier et al. 2013. Eur J Hum Genet 21:381-5 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
R264C |
Arg264Cys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA3 |
Keays et al. 2007. Cell 12:45-57, Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
R264H |
Arg264His |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Microlissencephaly and microretrognatism |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
T264A |
Thr264Ala |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R1657:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
I265T |
Ile265Thr |
NP_033474.1 (Tuba1c) |
M. musculus |
R6367:Tuba1c, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
N265S |
Asn265Ser |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
IGL00595:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
R265A |
Arg265Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H267A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S10 |
|
H267A |
His267Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R265A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S10 |
S9 |
M268I |
Met268Ile |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA4 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S10 |
S9 |
M268T |
Met268Thr |
AAC05717.1 (TUBA1) |
E. indica |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Yamamoto et al. 1998. Plant Cell 10:297-308 |
Eleusine indica, plant, Indian goosegrass, yard-grass, goosegrass, wiregrass, crowfootgrass |
|
|
|
S10 |
S9 |
M268T |
Met268Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Ma et al. 2007. Mol Biol Cell 18:4711-20 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S10 |
S9 |
V268V* |
Val268 |
AAB86648.1 (α-tubulin) |
Chloromonas spp. |
Cold stable tubulin |
Willem et al. 1999. Extremophiles 3:221-6 |
Green algae, plant |
|
|
|
S10 |
S9 |
V268V* |
Val268 |
AAB86648.1 (α-tubulin) |
Chloromonas spp. |
Cold stable tubulin |
Willem et al. 1999. Extremophiles 3:221-6 |
Green algae, plant |
|
|
|
S10 |
S9 |
A270T |
Ala270Thr |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S10 |
S9 |
A273V |
Ala273Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
I275T |
Ile275Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
S277F |
Ser277Phe |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA4 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
S277F |
Ser277Phe |
NP_193232.1 (TUA6) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA6 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
T278T* |
Thr278 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability, NcTba4 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
T278T* |
Thr278 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability, NcTba5 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
K279A |
Lys279Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K281A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
K280N |
Lys280Asn |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
A281T |
Ala281Thr |
AAA32892.1 (TUA6) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA6 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
K281A |
Lys281Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K279A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
H283Y |
His283Tyr |
NP_001230908.1 (α-1B-tubulin) |
C. griseus |
Colcimid and vinblastine resistant |
Hari et al. 2003. Mol Cancer Ther 2:597-605 |
Cricetulus griseus, chinese hamster, rodent |
|
|
|
|
|
E284K |
Glu284Lys |
NP_175423.1 (TUA2) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA2 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
H284A |
His284Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E285A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
E285A |
Glu285Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With H284A, cold sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
L286F |
Leu286Phe |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64, Fallet-Bianco et al. 2008. Brain 131:2304-20 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
S287A |
Ser287Ala |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
IGL02159:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
S287P |
Ser287Pro |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
R4655:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
S287P |
Ser287Pro |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R1836:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
S287P |
Ser287Pro |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
T287T* |
Thr287 |
AAG15366.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA7 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
T287T* |
Thr287 |
AAG15366.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
T287T* |
Thr287 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA2 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
T287T* |
Thr287 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA7 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
T287T* |
Thr287 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA8 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
T287T* |
Thr287 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
G288G* |
Gly288 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
|
|
G288G* |
Gly288 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
H8 |
H8 |
T292I |
Thr292Ile |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R5796:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H8 |
H8 |
N293D |
Asn293Asp |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H8 |
H8 |
A295G |
Ala295Gly |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H8 |
H8 |
A295V |
Ala295Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H8 |
H8 |
A295A* |
Ala295 |
AAL73386.1 (α-tubulin) |
E. focardii |
Cold stable microtubules, increased hydrophobicity |
Pucciarelli et al. 2009. Mar Genomics 2:57-66 |
Euplotes focardii, extremophile, Antarctic ciliate |
|
|
|
H8 |
H8 |
V295V* |
Val295 |
AAB86648.1 (α-tubulin) |
Chloromonas spp. |
Cold stable tubulin |
Willem et al. 1999. Extremophiles 3:221-6 |
Green algae, plant |
|
|
|
H8 |
|
S296T |
Ser296Thr |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R6474:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
S300T |
Ser300Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
M301T |
Met301Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
F302F* |
Phe302 |
AAG15366.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
F302F* |
Phe302 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability, NcTbA9 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15366.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTbA7 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15366.1 |
C. rastrospinosus |
Cold stability CrTba11 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Chionodraco rastrospinosus, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTba2 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTba3 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA4 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA5 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA7 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
L302L* |
Leu302 |
AAG15325.1 |
N. coriiceps |
Cold stability NcTbA8 |
Detrich et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:37038-47 |
Notothenia coriiceps, extremophile, icefish |
|
|
|
|
|
V303G |
Val303Gly |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly (Tub1A) |
Lecourtois et al. 2010. Acta neuropathol 119:779-89 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
C305F |
Cys305Phe |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R6137:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
K305A |
Lys305Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D307A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
Q305R |
Gln305Arg |
AAF50226.2 (α-Tubulin67C) |
D. melanogaster |
Female sterile, embryogenesis arrest due to mutation in Tubulin67C |
Mathe et al. 1998. J Cell Sci 111:887-96 |
Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly |
|
|
|
|
|
D306G |
Asp306Gly |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
IGL03336:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
S306P |
Ser306Pro |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R0458:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
D307A |
Asp307Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K305A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
P307L |
Pro307Leu |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
R308L |
Arg308Leu |
BAG95614.1 |
O. sativa |
Short seeds, herbicide resistant |
Segami et al. 2012. Rice 5:4 |
Oryza sativa, plant, rice |
|
|
|
|
|
R309A |
Arg309Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D310A and K312A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
D310A |
Asp310Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R309A and K312A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S11 |
S10 |
K312A |
Lys312Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R309A and D310A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S11 |
S10 |
D313A |
Asp313Ala |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
IGL02053:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S11 |
S10 |
M313K |
Met313Lys |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R5945:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S11 |
S10 |
M313T |
Met313Thr |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
S10 |
R320C |
Arg320Cys |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
S10 |
R320H |
Arg320His |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Microlissencephaly, microretrognatism, dysmorphy, exophyhalmia, hypertelorism, and facial dysmorphism |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
S10 |
R320H |
Arg320His |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
S10 |
R321A |
Arg321Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D323A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S12 |
|
D323A |
Asp323Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R321A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S10 |
|
V323I |
Val323Ile |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Increased MT stability, ectopic neurites |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
|
|
P325S |
Pro325Ser |
AAA32892.1 (TUA6) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA6 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
G326G* |
Gly326 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
G326G* |
Gly326 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
K326N |
Lys326Asn |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Microlissencephaly and microretrognatism |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
T326Q |
Thr326Gln |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With Q330W, blocked polymerization |
Johnson et al. 2011. Biochemistry 50:8636-44 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
R327A |
Arg327Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D328A and R331A, wild type growth |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
D328A |
Asp328Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R327A and R331A, wild type growth |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
N329S |
Asn329Ser |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
Q330W |
Gln330Trp |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With T326Q, blocked polymerization |
Johnson et al. 2011. Biochemistry 50:8636-44 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
R331A |
Arg331Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R327A and D328A, wild type growth |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
A333V |
Ala333Val |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
polymicrogyria |
Cushion et al. 2013. Brain 136:536-48 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
E334A |
Glu334Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K337A, cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
K335K* |
Lys335 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
K335K* |
Lys335 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
H9 |
H9 |
K337A |
Lys337Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K334A, cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
K339A |
Lys339Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K340A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
K340A |
Lys340Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K339A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
T346A |
Thr346Ala |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
IGL02981:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
P348L |
Pro348Leu |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
T349E |
Thr349Glu |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Blocked polymerization |
Johnson et al. 2011. Biochemistry 50:8636-44 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
T349I |
Thr349Ile |
NP_175423.1 (TUA2) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA2 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
|
|
T349I |
Thr349Ile |
AEE27747.1 (TUA4) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA4 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
S13 |
S11 |
G354E |
Gly354Glu |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Touch receptor defect |
Hsu et al. 2014. PLoS Genetic 10, Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S13 |
S11 |
I355E |
Ile355Glu |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S13 |
S11 |
C356Y |
Cys356Tyr |
NP_595106.1 (Atb2) |
S. pombe |
Temperature sensitive lethal, polarity mutant |
Radcliffe et al. 1998. Mol Biol Cell 9:1757-71 |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe, fission yeast, fungus |
|
|
|
S13 |
S11 |
N356D |
Asn356Asp |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R1660:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S13 |
|
S359S* |
Ser359 |
AAP75758.2 (partial) |
C. caldarium |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidium caldarium, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
S13 |
|
S359S* |
Ser359 |
BAC67665.1 |
C. merolae |
Heat resistant tubulins (correlation, unpublished) |
Arnold MS thesis (Virginia Polytechnic Institute) |
Cyanidioschyzon merolae, extremophile, algae |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
P360A |
Pro360Ala |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
T361P |
Thr361Pro |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
V363A |
Val363Ala |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
P364A |
Pro364Ala |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
P364R |
Pro364Arg |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
P364R |
Pro364Arg |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
G365E |
Gly365Glu |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
No defects |
Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
G366R |
Gly366Arg |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly |
Okumura et al. 2013. Brain Dev 35:274-9 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
α insert |
α insert |
G366R |
Gly366Arg |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
D367V |
Asp367Val |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
L368F |
Leu368Phe |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
V371E |
Val371Glu |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Microlissencephaly and microretrognatism |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
V371G |
Val371Gly |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
|
|
V371L |
Val371Leu |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R0453:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
D373A |
Asp373Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R374A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
R373C |
Arg373Cys |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of F52Y α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
R374A |
Arg374Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D373A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
C376S |
Cys376Ser |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R0086:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
C377S |
Cys377Ser |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Excessive astral MTs, misoriented, too long; misplaced spindles |
Caron et al. 2001. Mol Biol Cell 12:2672-87 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
S377F |
Ser377Phe |
NP_001251213.1 (TBA-1) |
C. elegans |
Lethal, temperature sensitive |
Phillips et al. 2004. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 58:112-26 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
I378M |
Ile378Met |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
S379R |
Ser379Arg |
P68363.1 (Kα-1 α-tubulin) |
H. sapiens |
Taxol resistant |
Martello et al. 2003. Cancer Res 63:1207-13 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
N380K |
Asn380Lys |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R6045:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S14 |
S12 |
T382K |
Thr382Lys |
NP_033472.1 (Tuba3a) |
M. musculus |
IGL01610:Tuba3a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
S14 |
|
A383T |
Ala383Thr |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
S14 |
|
A383V |
Ala383Val |
NP_001230908.1 (α-1B-tubulin) |
C. griseus |
Colcimid and vinblastine resistant |
Hari et al. 2003. Mol Cancer Ther 2:597-605 |
Cricetulus griseus, chinese hamster, rodent |
|
|
|
|
|
I384V |
Ile384Val |
P68363.1 (Kα-1 α-tubulin) |
H. sapiens |
HTI-286 resistant (Hemiasterlin derivative) |
Poruchynsky et al. 2004. Biochemistry 43:13944-54 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
A387V |
Ala387Val |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Romaniello et al. 2014. Dev Med Child Neurol 56:354-60 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
E387A |
Glu387Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K390A and R391A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
A389V |
Ala389Val |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R5619:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
K390A |
Lys390Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E387A and R391A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
R390C |
Arg390Cys |
NP_001230908.1 (α-1B-tubulin) |
C. griseus |
Colcimid and vinblastine resistant |
Hari et al. 2003. Mol Cancer Ther 2:597-605 |
Cricetulus griseus, chinese hamster, rodent |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
R390C |
Arg390Cys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Polymicrogyria |
Poirier et al. 2013. Eur J Hum Genet 21:381-5 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
R390H |
Arg390His |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
asymmetrical polymicrogyria and mid-hindbrain dysgenesis |
Zanni et al. 2013. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 17:361-5 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
R390W |
Arg390Trp |
Q56WH1.2 (TUA3) |
A. thaliana |
Twisting, TUA3 |
Ishida et al. 2007. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:8544-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
M391I |
Met391Ile |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Dinitroaniline resistant |
Morrissette et al. 2004. Mol Biol Cell 15:1960-8 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
R391A |
Arg391Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E387A and K390A, benomyl resistant |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
D392G |
Asp392Gly |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R5594:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
D392V |
Asp392Val |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R0032:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
D393A |
Asp393Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Kinesin interaction |
Uchimura et al. 2010. EMBO J 29:1167-75 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
D393A |
Asp393Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R384A, benomyl resistant; with R384A, K395A, D397A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
R394A |
Arg394Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D393A, benomyl resistant; with D393A, K395A, D397A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
K395A |
Lys395Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive; with D393A, R384A, D397A, recessive lethal |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
D396G |
Asp396Gly |
NP_001300652.1 (Tuba4a) |
M. musculus |
R4180:Tuba4a, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
D397A |
Asp397Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive; with D393A, R384A, K395A recessive lethal; kinesin interaction |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903, Uchimura et al. 2010. EMBO J 29:1167-75 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
H10 |
L397P |
Leu397Pro |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Bahi-Buisson et al. 2008. J Med Genet 45:647-53 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
|
A400T |
Ala400Thr |
NP_033474.1 (Tuba1c) |
M. musculus |
R6397:Tuba1c, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
H10 |
|
C402Y |
Cys402Tyr |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Hikita et al. 2014. Brain Dev 36:159-62 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
|
K402A |
Lys402Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R403A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H10 |
|
R402C |
Arg402Cys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Keays et al. 2007. Cell 128:45-57, Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64, Morris-Rosendahl et al. 2008. Clin Genet 74:425-33, Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
|
R402H |
Arg402His |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA3 |
Keays et al. 2007. Cell 128:45-57, Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64, Morris-Rosendahl et al. 2008. Clin Genet 74:425-33, Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27, Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
H10 |
|
R402L |
Arg402Leu |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Morris-Rosendahl et al. 2008. Clin Genet 74:425-33, Sohal et al. 2012. Pediatr Neurol 46:127-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
|
|
|
|
R403A |
Arg403Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With K402A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive; kinesin interaction |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903, Uchimura et al. 2010. EMBO J 29:1167-75 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
L404H |
Leu404His |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R5617:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
H406R |
His406Arg |
NP_033474.1 (Tuba1c) |
M. musculus |
R2261:Tuba1c, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
H406R |
His406Arg |
NP_033474.1 (Tuba1c) |
M. musculus |
R2262:Tuba1c, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
|
|
|
|
W407X |
Trp407Stop |
NP_193232.1 (TUA6) |
A. thaliana |
Suppressor of lefty mutation (A180T α-tubulin TUA6) |
Thitamadee et al. 2002. Nature 417:193-6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana, plant |
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W407X |
Trp407Stop |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
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V409A |
Val409Ala |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
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G410X |
G410stop |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
IGL02725:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
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E412A |
Glu412Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E415A, cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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M413I |
Met413Ile |
NP_033475.1 (Tuba3b) |
M. musculus |
R4993:Tuba3b, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
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G414R |
Gly414Arg |
NP_001251213.1 (TBA-1) |
C. elegans |
Synapse & axon defects (tba-1) |
Baran et al. 2010. PLoS One 5 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
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E415A |
Glu415Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E412A, cold sensitive, temperature sensitive, benomyl supersensitive; kinesin interaction |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903, Uchimura et al. 2010. EMBO J 29:1167-75 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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E415K |
Glu415Lys |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Touch sensitive |
Hsu et al. 2014. PLoS Genetic 10, Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
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E415V |
Glu415Val |
NP_059075.1 (Tuba8) |
M. musculus |
R2513:Tuba8, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
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H11 |
|
E416A |
Glu416Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E418A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive; kinesin interaction |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903, Uchimura et al. 2010. EMBO J 29:1167-75 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
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G416E |
Gly416Glu |
NP_497663.1 (MEC12) |
C. elegans |
Vesicle targeting defects and neurite degeneration |
Hsu et al. 2014. PLoS Genetic 10, Zheng et al. 2017. Mol Biol Cell 28:2786-2801 |
Caenorhabditis elegans, nematode, roundworm |
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H11 |
H11 |
E418A |
Glu418Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E416A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive; kinesin interaction |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903, Uchimura et al. 2010. EMBO J 29:1167-75 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
H11 |
F418I |
Phe418Ile |
XP_002364807.1 (α1-tubulin) |
T. gondii |
Suppressor of G142S α-tubulin defects |
Ma et al. 2008. Genetics 180:845-56 |
Toxoplasma gondii, parasite |
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H11 |
H11 |
S419L |
Ser419Leu |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly, TUBA1A |
Poirier et al. 2007. Hum Mutat 28:1055-64 |
Homo sapiens, human |
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H11 |
H11 |
E421A |
Glu421Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R423A, E424A, D425A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive; kinesin interaction |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903, Uchimura et al. 2010. EMBO J 29:1167-75 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
H11 |
A422V |
Ala422Val |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Cold sensitive lethal |
Guenette et al. 1995. J Cell Sci 108:1195-204 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
H11 |
R422C |
Arg422Cys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Bahi-Buisson et al. 2008. J Med Genet 45:647-53 |
Homo sapiens, human |
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H11 |
H11 |
R422H |
Arg422His |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Bahi-Buisson et al. 2008. J Med Genet 45:647-53, Morris-Rosendahl et al. 2008. Clin Genet 74:425-33, Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27, Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
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H11 |
H11 |
Y422H |
Tyr422His |
NP_595106.1 (Atb2) |
S. pombe |
Temperature sensitive lethal, polarity mutant |
Radcliffe et al. 1998. Mol Biol Cell 9:1757-71 |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe, fission yeast, fungus |
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H11 |
H11 |
R423A |
Glu424Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E421A, E424A, D425A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
H11 |
E424A |
Glu424Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E421A, R423A, D425A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
H11 |
D425A |
Asp425Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E421A, R423A, E424A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
H11 |
M425K |
Met425Lys |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Kumar et al. 2010. Hum Mol Genet 19:2817-27 |
Homo sapiens, human |
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H11 |
H11 |
E426K |
Glu426Lys |
AAF50226.2 (α-Tubulin67C) |
D. melanogaster |
Female sterile, α-tubulin67C |
Venkei and Szabad. 2005. Mol Genet Genomics 273:283-9, Gaspar and Szabad. 2009. J Cell Sci 122:2857-65 |
Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly |
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H11 |
H11 |
E429Q |
Glu429Gln |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Microlissencephaly, microretrognatism, dysmorphy, exophyhalmia, hypertelorism |
Fallet-Bianco et al. 2014. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2:69 |
Homo sapiens, human |
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H11 |
H11 |
E430A |
Glu430Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With R431A and D432A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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H11 |
H11 |
E430D |
Glu430Asp |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
Z1088:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
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H11 |
H11 |
K430N |
Lys430Asn |
NP_005991.1 (TUBA4A) |
H. sapiens |
Familial ALS association |
Smith et al. 2014. Neuron 84:324-31 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
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H11 |
H11 |
D431E |
Asp431Glu |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R4700:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
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H11 |
H11 |
R431A |
Arg431Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E430A and D432A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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|
H11 |
H11 |
D432A |
Asp432Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E430A and R431A, slow growth, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
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H11 |
H11 |
Y432C |
Tyr432Cys |
NP_033474.1 (Tuba1c) |
M. musculus |
R4939:Tuba1c, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
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H11 |
H11 |
E435A |
Glu435Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With D439A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
H11 |
H11 |
G436R |
Gly436Arg |
NP_001257328.1 (TUBA1A) |
H. sapiens |
Lissencephaly mutation (TUBA1A) |
Bahi-Buisson et al. 2008. J Med Genet 45:647-53 |
Homo sapiens, human |
|
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D439A |
Asp439Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E435A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
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E443A |
Glu443Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E444A, E445A, E446A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
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E443Q |
Glu443Gln |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E444Q, E445Q, E446Q, increased benomyl sensitive |
Aiken et al. 2014. Curr Biol. 24:1295-1303 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
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E443X |
Glu443Stop |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Increased benomyl sensitive |
Aiken et al. 2014. Curr Biol. 24:1295-1303 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
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D444N |
Asp444Asn |
NP_033474.1 (Tuba1c) |
M. musculus |
IGL02190:Tuba1c, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|
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E444A |
Glu444Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E443A, E445A, E446A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
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E444Q |
Glu444Gln |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E443Q, E445Q, E446Q, increased benomyl sensitive |
Aiken et al. 2014. Curr Biol. 24:1295-1303 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
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E445A |
Glu445Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E443A, E444A, E446A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
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E445Q |
Glu445Gln |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E443Q, E444Q, E446Q, increased benomyl sensitive |
Aiken et al. 2014. Curr Biol. 24:1295-1303 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
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E446A |
Glu446Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E443A, E444A, E445A, benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
E446Q |
Glu446Gln |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
With E443Q, E444Q, E445Q, increased benomyl sensitive |
Aiken et al. 2014. Curr Biol. 24:1295-1303 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
E447X |
Glu447Stop |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Increased benomyl sensitive |
Aiken et al. 2014. Curr Biol. 24:1295-1303 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
F447A |
Phe447Ala |
AAA35180.1 |
S. cerevisiae |
Benomyl supersensitive |
Richards et al. 2002. Mol Biol Cell 11:1887-903 |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast |
|
|
|
|
|
G447X |
Gly447X |
NP_001029051.2 (Tubal3) |
M. musculus |
R3545:Tubal3, viable heterozygote, ENU mutagenesis |
Mutagenetix |
Mus musculus, mouse |
|